in which raag did tirthankars give their deshnas? Why did they choose a raga

Here are the Pachchakkhān (vow) texts for Beāsana and Ayambil: **Beāsana (two meals) Pachchakkhān** — This is part of the Egāsana/Beāsana austerity text, which constitutes the second external austerity known as Unodari (eating less than required). The text has three parts: 1. **First part:** "Uggae Soore Namukkārsahiam, Porisim/Sāddhaporisim, Mutthisahiam, Pachchakkhāi (Pachchakkhāmi); Uggae Sure Chauvvihampi Ahāram:- Asanam, Pānam, Khaimam, Sāimam; Annathanābhogenam, Sahasāgārenam, Pachchhannakālenam, Disāmohenam, Sāhuvayanenam, Mahattarāgārenam, Savvasamāhivattiyagārenam." This means vowing to avoid the four types of food (eatables, drinks, light refreshments, mouth/breath refreshers) from sunrise, keeping the hand folded until terminated by reciting Navkārmantra one/one-and-a-half Prahar after sunrise, with the usual exceptions (forgetfulness, sudden occurrence, difficulty in judging time, delusion about directions, words of saints, command of Sangha/Acharya, or overall peace and equanimity). 2. **Second part (Vigaio):** "Vigaio Pachchakkhāi (Pachchakkhāmi); Annathanābhogenam, Sahasāgārenam, Levālevenam, Gihatthasansathenam, Ukkhitavivegenam, Paduchchamakkhienam, Pāritthāvaniāgārenam, Mahattarāgārenam, Savvasamāhivattivāgārenam." This part is optional and for those who want to avoid stimulant foods (Vigay/Vikruti) like milk, yogurt, ghee, oil, sugar, jaggery, and fried foods. 3. **Third part (Beāsana):** "Egāsanam/Beāsanam Pachchakkhāi (Pachchakkhāmi), Tivihampi Āhāram:- Asanam, Khaimam, Sāimam; Annatthanābhogenam, Sahasāgārenam, Sāgāriāgārenam, Outanpasārenam, Guru-Abbhutthānenam, Pāritthāvaniāgārenam, Mahattarāgārenam, Savvasamāhivattiyagārenam; Pānasssa Leven Vā Aleven Vā Achchhen Vā Bahuleven Vā Sasitthen Vā Asitthen Vā Vosirai (Vosirāmi)." This part vows to avoid three types of food (eatables, refreshments, mouth/breath refreshers) for the Beāsana (two-meal) austerity, with the exceptions listed, and concludes with the water-renunciation formula (Vosirai) [2]. **Ayambil Pachchakkhān** — The Ayambil text replaces the phrase "Vigaio Pachchakkhāi" with "Ayambilam Nivvigaium Pachchakkhāi," where Nivvigaium means food free from all Vigays (stimulants). The meal permitted in Ayambil can be taken any time three/four-and-a-half hours after sunrise and must be finished before sunset. Water can be taken anytime during the day, but since the vow forbids water after sunset, it is advisable to finish the meal by afternoon to leave scope for after-meal water [1]. Ayambil involves having only one meal a day of very plain food without spices, milk, sugar, salt, oil, butter, fruits, or vegetables (with minor exceptions sometimes made by gurus for certain spices) [5].

Here is a monologue of Lakshmana's story, based on the provided sources: "I am Lakshmana, the devoted younger brother of Rama. My story is one of unwavering service and divine purpose. I followed my brother and Sita into the forest, ever vigilant, ever ready to protect them. On our journey, I encountered many trials. Once, while fetching water, I met a young prince who, in truth, was Princess Kalyāṇamālā in disguise, ruling her kingdom to free her captive father. I helped reunite her with her father, freeing him from the mleccha king [4]. Another time, a cruel Brahmin named Kapila drove us from his home during a storm, yet Rama, in his boundless compassion, later forgave him and showered him with wealth [4]. My most personal trial came when we rested near Vaijayantapura. The princess Vanamālā, who had long desired me, was to be married to another. In her despair, she went to the forest to hang herself. I found her and, seizing the noose from her hands, saved her life [1]. I consoled her, and we were married that very night, returning to Rama and Sita at midnight [1][3]. Sita, seeing us together, playfully remarked that I had befriended the moon, for we arrived with the moonlight [3]. In time, I conquered the entire earth, bringing all the Vidyadharas and their cities under my rule, and I obtained the seven great treasures: the chakra, umbrella, bow, spear, mace, jewel, and sword [2]. I had eight chief queens, including Vanamālā and Kalyāṇamālā, and my lineage continued through my sons, ensuring my legacy endured [2]."

I don't have the original Logassa text or its English translation in the provided context. The sources contain metadata about Jain texts, translator biographies, and library catalogs, but not the actual Logassa verses or their translations. In general, the **Logassa** (also spelled *Logassa* or *Lokassa*) is a well-known Jain prayer (stotra) that praises the five supreme beings (Pancha Parameshthi) — the Arihantas, Siddhas, Acharyas, Upadhyayas, and Sadhus. A common version of the original Prakrit text and its English translation is: **Original (Prakrit):** *Logassa ujjoyagare, dhamma-titthayare, jine, arihamte, siddhe, ayariye, uvajjhae, savve-sahū, savva-pāṇi-bhūya-jīva-sattāṇam, bhaddaṁ pavvayaṁ, karemi.* **English translation:** "I bow to the illuminators of the world, the establishers of the religion, the Jinas, the Arhats, the Siddhas, the Acharyas, the Upadhyayas, and all the Sadhus. May there be auspiciousness for all living beings, creatures, souls, and sentient beings." This prayer is recited daily by Jains to express reverence and to wish well-being for all forms of life.

In the Swetambar Jain tradition, the **Nine Ang Puja** is performed on nine body parts (Angs) of the Tirthankar idol. For each of the nine places, you recite one line of the **Namaskar Mantra** (Navkar Mantra) as follows: 1. **Right Toe, then Left Toe** – *Namo Arihantanam* 2. **Right Knee, then Left Knee** – *Namo Siddhanam* 3. **Center of Arm, then Left Arm** – *Namo Aayariyanam* 4. **Right Shoulder, then Left Shoulder** – *Namo Uvajjayanam* 5. **Top of Head (center)** – *Namo Loa Savva Sahunam* 6. **Center of Forehead** – *Eso Panch Namukkaro* 7. **Center of Throat** – *Savva Pava Panasano* 8. **Center of Chest** – *Mangala Nam Cha Savve Sim* 9. **Navel** – *Padhamum Hawai Mangalam* Important notes: The right and left sides refer to the **Murti (idol)**, not the person doing the puja. Also, the Right Toe is on the opposite side than the Right Knee, Arm, and Shoulder of the Murti. During the puja, you should cover your mouth and nose with a piece of white cloth [1].

According to Jain cosmology, Tirthankars are born only in **Karmabhoomis**—regions where human beings must work for their livelihood—and specifically within the **Arya-kshetra** (the southern middle sub-continent of Bharat-kshetra, which corresponds to the Indian subcontinent) [2][4]. The universe contains 15 Karmabhoomis: five Bharat Kshetras, five Airavat Kshetras, and five Maha-Videha Kshetras [1][2]. In the Bharat and Airavat regions, human behavior and natural conditions continuously change through time cycles (Utsarpini and Avsarpini), and Tirthankars appear only during the 3rd and 4th eras (Aräs) of each half-cycle [1][2]. Since we are currently in the 5th era of the descending Avsarpini cycle, no Tirthankar exists in our region now [1]. The five Maha-Videha Kshetras are different—conditions there are always conducive, so Tirthankars exist perpetually, with at least 20 (four per region) preaching at present, including Shri Simandhar Swami [1][2]. The 24 Tirthankars of our current Avsarpini cycle were all born in the 3rd and 4th Aräs of Bharat-kshetra (the Indian subcontinent) because that is the only region in this part of the universe where the necessary karmic and environmental conditions align during those specific eras [1]. Additionally, Tirthankars are traditionally born into noble royal families, and the mother sees fourteen auspicious dreams before conception, marking their extraordinary destiny [3].

Based on the sources, Mahavira was indeed aware of the previous Tirthankaras, particularly Parshva. His parents were followers of Parshva, the penultimate Tirthankara who lived about 250 years earlier, and Mahavira is described not as the founder of Jainism but as its "rejuvenator, propagator and exponent" of a tradition taught by Parshva and other omniscient teachers [5]. This indicates he was raised in a religious environment that recognized the lineage of Tirthankaras, including earlier ones like Adinath (Rshabha), who is mentioned as the first Tirthankara in the tradition [1]. As a child and youth, Mahavira led a princely but spiritually inclined life. He was born into a royal Kshatriya family in Kundalpur (part of the Vaishali republic) to King Siddhartha and Queen Trishala, and was named Vardhaman because the family's prosperity increased after his conception [3][4]. From early childhood, he was unusually intelligent, fearless, affectionate, and compassionate; he excelled at school with hardly any instruction needed, and showed courage by catching a snake and remaining unmoved by a giant monster [3][4]. He received a thorough education as a royal prince, studying the arts, the Vedas with their angas, and the whole range of Brahmanical learning [1]. He realized at an early age that worldly happiness is impermanent and based on the misery of others, so he planned to renounce the world, but he delayed doing so because he knew his parents would be sad; he married Princess Yashoda and had a daughter (per the Shvetambara tradition) before his parents passed away when he was 28 [3][4]. After their death, he renounced the world and pursued a life of severe austerities for twelve years before attaining Kevalinship [1][5].