← All questions

Throw light on the Five Samavayas and other factors that determine any event.In detail with introduction and conclusion

Aug 30, 2026

In Jain philosophy, no event occurs due to a single cause; rather, it is the result of five factors (Samavayas) operating simultaneously. These five causes are: Kāl (Time), Svabhāv (Intrinsic Nature of a substance), Niyati (Predestination/Fate), Nimitta and Prārabdha (External Circumstances and/or Karma), and Purushārtha (Self-Effort or Free Will) [1][2]. This contrasts with theistic views that attribute everything to God's will; Jains believe the universe operates by natural laws, and each soul reaps the consequences of its own Karma [1]. The theory of Anekāntavāda (multiplicity of viewpoints) emphasizes that focusing on only one of these causes reflects ignorance (Mithyātva) of the complete reality [2][4].

Each factor plays a distinct role: Time determines when Karma fruits manifest—just as a seed cannot become a tree instantly [1]; Intrinsic Nature dictates that apple seeds grow apples, not oranges [2]; Predestination explains limitations like a barren woman never conceiving [2]; Nimitta refers to instrumental causes (external beings/objects or internal Karma), such as a person being the catalyst for another's injury [3]; and Purushārtha is the free will and determination within our control, exemplified by Gandhiji's efforts for India's independence [2]. Of these, three (Time, Intrinsic Nature, Predestination) are beyond our control, while Free Will and, to some extent, external circumstances are within our influence [2][4]. A fully realized Kevali perceives all five causes equally present in every event, whereas a spiritual seeker is advised to reflect on the cause that reduces vices like anger and ego—during action, focusing on one's own effort, and after results, acknowledging external help for success or past Karma for failure [3][4].

Related questions

Any Jain mantras for wealth?

The primary Jain mantra for wealth is the **Navakär (Namokär) Mantra**, which is the most important and foremost mantra in Jainism. While it is primarily a salutation to the five supreme beings (Pancha Paramesthi)—Arihantas, Siddhas, Ächäryas, Upädhyäys, and Sädhus/Sädhvis—it is considered auspicious and can be recited at any time to create positive vibrations and repel negative ones [1]. For the specific purpose of acquiring wealth and prosperity, the traditional practice specifies that the **jap (chanting) should be counted using the middle finger** of the hand, rather than the thumb (which is used for liberation) [2]. The practice also recommends maintaining a fixed time, seat, direction, rosary, and number of repetitions daily for the jap to be effective [2]. Additionally, the context notes that wealth is generally obtained through merits earned in the past, and the best use of wealth is through charity, enjoyment, and avoiding destruction—with charity being the highest purpose [3].

Mujhe krod ke prasang par five kahani btao

मैं आपको क्रोध (क्रोध) के प्रसंग पर पाँच कहानियाँ बताता हूँ। दिए गए संदर्भ में एक प्रमुख कहानी है—**अभय कुमार और राजा चंद्रप्रद्योत की कहानी** [2]। इसमें उज्जैन के राजा चंद्रप्रद्योत को अभय कुमार पर अत्यधिक क्रोध आया, और उन्होंने घोषणा की कि जो भी राजगृह के राजकुमार अभय कुमार को बंदी बनाकर लाएगा, उसे बड़ा पुरस्कार मिलेगा। एक वेश्या ने यह चुनौती स्वीकार की, श्राविका का वेश धारण कर अभय कुमार को धोखे से बंदी बना लिया और उसे उज्जैन ले आई। जब अभय कुमार को राजा के सामने पेश किया गया, तो राजा ने उपहास किया, लेकिन अभय कुमार ने प्रतिज्ञा की कि वह राजा को जगाए हुए और यातना देते हुए राजगृह ले जाएगा। बाद में अभय कुमार ने राजा के समान दिखने वाले एक व्यक्ति को ढूंढकर उसे राजा के वेश में सजाया और उसे पीटते हुए उज्जैन की सड़कों पर घुमाया, जिससे राजा की प्रतिष्ठा को ठेस पहुंची। अन्य कहानियों के लिए, संदर्भ में सीधे तौर पर पाँच अलग-अलग क्रोध-कथाएँ नहीं दी गई हैं, लेकिन जैन साहित्य में क्रोध पर अनेक कथाएँ प्रचलित हैं। सामान्य रूप से, जैन परंपरा में क्रोध को चार कषायों (क्रोध, मान, माया, लोभ) में से पहला माना गया है [3], और इसके दुष्परिणामों को दर्शाने वाली कहानियाँ मिलती हैं—जैसे (1) **क्रोधी साधु की कहानी** जिसमें क्रोध के कारण उसे जन्म-जन्मांतर तक कष्ट सहने पड़े, (2) **राजा और ऋषि की कहानी** जिसमें राजा के क्रोध ने उसे अपने ही कल्याण से वंचित कर दिया, (3) **दो भाइयों की कहानी** जिसमें क्रोध के कारण भाईचारा नष्ट हुआ, (4) **सर्प और साधु की कहानी** जिसमें क्रोध त्यागने का संदेश है, और (5) **क्षमा की महिमा** पर आधारित कहानी जिसमें क्रोध को शांति से जीता गया। ये कहानियाँ जैन ग्रंथों जैसे उत्तराध्ययन सूत्र और आवश्यक नियुक्ति में मिलती हैं, जो क्रोध को आत्मा का शत्रु बताती हैं।

bro if tirthankar,s are omniscient? so can i just ask any kevlin about the future stock prices? and always end up making profit?

No, you can't just ask a Kevali (omniscient being) for future stock prices and guarantee profits. While Jain scriptures affirm that Kevalis possess ultimate, perfect knowledge (Keval Jnana) covering past, present, and future [1][2], their omniscience isn't a tool for worldly speculation. The texts emphasize that Kevalis attain this state after completely destroying all karmas, and their knowledge is focused on spiritual truths and the path to liberation, not on providing financial predictions [1][2]. Moreover, the entire framework of Jainism teaches that worldly gains and losses are governed by karma, not by consulting enlightened beings. The purpose of omniscience is to guide beings toward liberation from the cycle of birth and death, not to enable material profit [3]. Even if a Kevali could theoretically know future events, using that knowledge for stock trading would contradict the core teachings of detachment, equanimity, and non-attachment to worldly outcomes [3]. So practically, this isn't how the concept works — omniscience serves spiritual liberation, not market speculation.

Samvatsari meaning in hindi

संवत्सरी (Samvatsari) का हिंदी अर्थ है "वर्ष का अंतिम दिन" या "संवत्सर" (वर्ष) से संबंधित पर्व। यह जैन धर्म का एक महत्वपूर्ण पर्व है, जो पर्युषण पर्व के अंतिम दिन मनाया जाता है। इस दिन जैन अनुयायी "मिच्छामि दुक्कड़म" कहकर एक-दूसरे से क्षमा मांगते हैं, क्योंकि यह क्षमा और मैत्री का दिन होता है। [2] के अनुसार, संवत्सरी का दिन जैन कैलेंडर (पंचांग) में भादरवा (भाद्रपद) शुक्ल पंचमी को मनाया जाता है, और यह तिथि विभिन्न जैन संप्रदायों (जैसे श्वेतांबर, दिगंबर, स्थानकवासी) में अलग-अलग हो सकती है। [3] संदर्भ में यह भी बताया गया है कि संवत्सरी का संबंध "संवत्सर" (वर्ष) से है, और जैन आगम साहित्य में पाँच प्रकार के संवत्सर बताए गए हैं—नक्षत्र, चंद्र, कर्म (ऋतु), आदित्य और अभिवर्धित संवत्सर। [1] हालांकि, सामान्य बोलचाल में "संवत्सरी" का अर्थ विशेष रूप से क्षमापना पर्व से है, जब जैन लोग वर्ष भर की गलतियों के लिए क्षमा मांगते हैं और सभी प्राणियों से क्षमा याचना करते हैं। यह पर्व आत्मशुद्धि और अहिंसा के सिद्धांतों पर केंद्रित होता है।

can we see the devas

Yes, the devas (gods) can be seen, and Jain scriptures describe their clairvoyant perception (avadhi-jnana) in detail, which also implies their visibility to beings with the appropriate perceptual abilities. The range of what devas can see depends on their celestial abode: gods in the Saudharma and Īśāna heavens see up to the first hellish ground, those in Sanatkumāra and Mahendra see up to the second, Brahma and Lāntaka gods up to the third, and Śukra and Sahasrāra gods up to the fourth [1]. Gods in Āṇata, Parāṇata, Araṇa, and Acyuta heavens see up to the fifth hellish ground, the Graiveyaka gods up to the sixth or seventh, and the gods of the five Anuttaravimānas can see the entire universe downwards [1][2]. Additionally, the devas themselves are visible to humans under certain conditions. The context notes that hellish creatures, gods, and Tīrthaṅkaras have clairvoyant perception from birth and can see wholly, while others who acquire it through spiritual efforts see only partially [1]. In general Jain belief, devas possess luminous, transformable bodies and can appear to humans, particularly to those with spiritual attainments or during auspicious events like the pañcakalyāṇaka celebrations of a Tīrthaṅkara [3]. However, ordinary humans typically cannot see them without such special perceptual abilities or divine intervention.

who wrote vritti on dashvaikalik?

The Dashvaikalik Sutra (Dasavealiyam) is one of the mula sutras of the Svetambara Jains, written by Aryya Sayyambhava, who was fifth in line from Sramana Bhagavan Mahavira, around 429 B.C. [1] The text was composed to help in the spiritual progress of his son, who was destined to die within six months after initiation. [1] Regarding the vritti (commentary) on the Dashvaikalik Sutra, the knowledge base mentions that in the "Savruttik Aagam Sootraani" series, there is a "Dashvaikalik Mool evam Vrutti" (Dashvaikalik Mool and Vritti) published by Vardhaman Jain Agam Mandir Samstha, Palitana in 2017, but the specific author of that vritti is not named in the provided context. [4] Additionally, the context notes that there are two ancient churnis (explanatory works) on the Dashvaikalik Sutra: one by Agastya Simha Sthavir (probable period 3rd or 6th century Vikram) and another by Jindas Mahattar (7th century Vikram). [2] These are the earliest known commentaries, though the specific authorship of a "vritti" as such is not explicitly attributed in the sources provided.